^{Fluoroquinolones}

 

Spectrum

Marbofloxacin

Mycoplasma spp. many Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms but not anaerobes.

Active against Pasteurella spp. Staphylococcus spp. Pseudomonas spp. Klebsiella spp.

Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Proteus spp.⁵

 

Enrofloxacin

Mycoplasma spp. many Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms but not anaerobes.

Active against Pasteurella spp. Staphylococcus spp. Pseudomonas spp. Klebsiella spp.

Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. Proteus spp. and Mycobacterium spp.⁵

 

Pradofloxacin

Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, anaerobes, Mycoplasma spp. Rickettsia spp. and Mycobacterium spp.³¹

 

Physicochemical properties

Highly lipophilic.³

 

Distribution^3,4,7

Good distribution. Good at entering the central nervous system (CNS), the prostate and urine.

 

Pharmacokinetics

Antimicrobial

C_max

Protein
binding

Volume of distribution

Metabolism & elimination

Terminal
half life

Absorption

T_max

Marbofloxacin

 

 

In dogs:

1.5 µg/ml for oral or S.C. administration.⁹

AUC(0-24) 13 µg.h/ml in dogs for oral administration.³²

In cats:

1.4 µg/ml for oral or S.C. administration.⁹

<10%.⁶

In dogs:

1.36L/kg.⁹

In cats:

1.48 L/kg.⁹

 

 

Renal and in faeces.⁶

In dogs:
14 hours.⁶

In cats:
10 hours.⁶

 

Close to 100% bioavailability.⁶

In dogs:
<1 hour for S.C. administration, <2 hours for oral administration.⁹

In cats:
1-2 hours for oral or S.C administration.⁹

Enrofloxacin

1.41µg/ml³²

AUC(0-24) 8.7 µg.h/ml³²

27%²⁵

3-4 L/kg²⁵

Renal and some metabolised to ciprofloxacin by the liver.²⁵

In dogs:
4-5 hours.²⁵

In cats:
6 hours.²⁵

Bioavailability 80%.²⁵

<1 hour²⁵

Pradofloxacin

In dogs: 1.01 µg/ml and

AUC(0–24)  8.19 µg.h/ml.31

In cats following administration of tablets at the dose rate of 3 mg/ kg: 0.83 µg/ml and AUC(0–24)  4.14 µg.h/ml.³¹

In cats following administration of suspension at the dose rate of 5 mg/kg: 1.45 µg/ml and AUC(0–24) 6.21 µg.h/ml.³¹

29-37%.³¹

In dogs:
2.22L/kg.³¹

In cats:
4.5 L/kg.³¹

10 and 40% excreted in urine in cat and dog respectively, remainder probably in faeces.³¹

In dogs:
6.6 hours.³¹

In cats:
10 hours.³¹

In dogs almost 100%.⁶

In cats at least 70%.⁶

In dogs:
2.1 hours.³¹

In cats:
0.5–1.0 hours.³¹